Floor construction



July 13, 1,931 E E, SEELYE 2,086,744

FLooR CONSTRUCTION Filed April 21, 1936 BY Mew, YM,- fmgMf/e.,

. ATTORNEYS Patented July 13, 1937 K FLOOR CONSTRUCTION Elwyn E. Seelye, White Plains, N. Y.

Application April 21, 1936, Serial No'. 75,511

3 Claims.

In certain types of door or roof constructions in which the structural hollow blocks or tiles are combined with concrete, it has been customary to provide a concrete topping for effectively re- 5 sisting the compressive stresses developed, and

. the iloor construction.

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55 recesses to the'level of the top surface of the In a one-way hollow tile floor construction, that is a construction where the recnforcement vruns only lengthwise of the span between the main beams or supporting walls of the building, the tiles have been used more or less as llers, and the structural value of these tiles in resisting compressive stresses has been ignored entirely or has been considered to a lesser extent than in thecase of a two-way hollow tile floor construction. If the tiles or blocks are placed end to end with the cell openings running lengthwise between the supporting beams or supporting walls of the building, the joints between these abutting blocks or tiles will be dry or broken so that the proper and'continuous transmission of compressive stresses from block to block will be prevented. Therefore, in the ordinary one-way hollow tile iioor of theend to end construction type, it has been found necessary to provide a concrete top of substantial area over the hollow tiles or vblocks to forma continuous unbroken strata through which the compressive stresses may be transmitted and effectively withstood.

One object of the present invention is tom provide a concrete oor or roof construction which requires a minimum amount of labor to construct and which is adapted to carry a maximum load with a minimum floor thickness and a minimum amount of dead weight. i

In carrying out the present invention, I provide a one-way floor slab comprising a series of hollow concrete blocks or clay tiles embedded in reenforced concrete and arranged end to end in rows extending lengthwise of the span of the slab.V Each row of. hollow tile or blocks comprises tiles or blocks of two dilierent heights, alternately arranged to form recesses above the shallower tiles and between the ends of adjacent higher tiles. The concrete is poured between the rows of hollow blocks or tiles and also lls the (c1. rfa-66) deeper or higher blocks or tiles, and thereb forms T flanges on the main body of the concrete between the rows.

As a feature of the present invention, the higher tiles have their upper shell walls thicker than their bottom shell walls and the shallower tiles are of standard construction with their upper and lower shell walls of equal thickness, the concrete layer over these shallower tiles supplying l any deficiency in the compression resisting values of their upper shell walls.

As a further feature, the shallower tiles are much shorter than the deeper tiles, so that the amount of concreternecessary to form a monolithic unbroken strata in the upper portion of the slab is reduced to a minimum. This has the advantage of reducing the cost of construction since concrete is more expensive than hollow tiles, and also materially reduces the dead weight of the slab.

It is well known that concrete and hollow clay or concrete tiles will form an intimate bond which may be relied upon to make the two materials act together as a monolithic unit. The concretey T flanges above the tiles of lesser depth will therefore form a strong bond between the ends of the deeper tiles and will produce a monolithic strata at and below the compression face o f the slab and composed of tile and concrete. This strata will have no dry joints and therefore permits the eiiective continuous transmission of compression where it is most desirable toobtain the greatest strength and elciency from the materials used. By means of this construction, l. obtain and utilize the full compression resisting value of the hollow clay tiles or concrete blocks, this value exceeding that of concrete in the case of clay tiles. This advantage is obtained without sacriiicing in any way the capacity of the floor slab to effectively resist the stresses developed therein. At they same time, the cost of the slab construction is decreased by a considerable amount.

Various other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following particular description and from an inspection of the accompanying drawing in which:-

Fig. 1 is a partial section of a floor slab, taken lengthwise of the spaniand through a row of longitudinally alined hollow tiles,

l Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 4 is a. sectionsimila to Fig. 1 but snowingV another form of tile which may be used.

In the construction of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the one-Way floor slab shown may be supported on the beams or the walls of a building, and come prises one or more rows of tilesv of the multiple cell type'extending lengthwise of the span, each row comprising a series of hollow tiles I5 having a depth or height corresponding to the height of the iloor slab and alternated by a series of tiles I8 of lesser'depth than said tiles I5. These tiles I5 and I8 are arranged end to end with the cell openings running lengthwise of the span, and the shallower tiles I8 forming recesses between the ends or adjacent tiles I5.` VReenforcing steel rods I3 extend between adjacent rows of hollow tiles in the tensioned portion Yof the slab.

hollow tiles IE and iS up to the upper surface of the deeper tiles i5, and the recesses between the ends of adjacent tiles i5 are each lled with a layer of concrete 2i) to forni T flanges. VThese concretelayers 2i! form strong bonds between facing ends of adjacent deeper tiles l5, and serve to form a Vcontinuous monolithic unbroken strata on the upper edge of the slab, which will effectively withstand theV compressive stresses developed therein.

As a feature-of the present invention, the deeper tiles I5 are of a special construction or design so that the upper portions thereof where the greater compressive stresses are developed may be made to more eiectively withstand these stresses. For that purpose, these tiles I5 have the upper shell walls I6 thickerthan the bottom shell walls I7. The shallower tiles it are of standard construction Vand have their upper and lower shell walls of equal thickness since theY concrete layers 2B supply any deciency in the compression resisting value of their upper shell walls.

As a further feature, the shallower tiles I8 are materially shorter than the higher tiles I5, so that the concrete 2li between the facing ends of the tiles I5 is reduced to a minimum. This has the advantage of materially reducing the cost' of the construction since concrete per Vunit weight is more expensive than hollow tiles, and' also reduces the dead weight of the slab construction.

In the construction shown in Fig. 4, the deeperl tiles I5 are alternated'by the shallower tiles' II which are of standard construction andiwhich are equal in length to those of the deeper tiles I5. In this construction, the recess formed be- The concrete is poured between the rows of tween the adjacent` ends of the deeper tiles I5 is lled with a layer of concrete I4 to form a T flange in a manner already described.

Although theinvention is described with reference to a floor slab, it must be understood that as far as certain aspects of the invention are concerned, it may be equally applied to any loadcarrying'beam or slab.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isz- 1. A one-way reenforced concrete floor slab, including a series of hollow structural tiles of the multiple cell type arranged end to end in a row extending lengthwise of the slab, said tiles being of two dilerent heights and alternately arranged to 'form recesses above the shallower tiles, the upper shell walls of the higher tiles being thicker than their bottom shell walls, While the shallower tiles are of standard construction with the upper and lower walls of equal thickness, said shallower tiles being materially Vshorter than the higher tiles, and all of said tiles being embedded in concrete extending up to the level of the top surfaces ci the higher tiles so that said recesses are filled with concrete to form a composite monolithic compression resisting strata of concrete and hollow tiles.

2, A one-way reenforced concrete oor slab including a series of hollow structural tiles arranged end to end in a row extending lengthwise of the span, Asaid. tiles `being of two different heights and alternately arranged to form recesses above the shallower tiles and between the facing ends of adjacent higher tiles, the upper shell walls of the higher tiles'being thicker than their bottom shell walls, while the shallower tiles are Vof standard construction with the Vupper and lower shell walls of equal thickness, and concrete filling said recesses to form a composite monolithic compression resisting strata of concrete and hollow tiles.

3. A one-way reenforced concrete floor slab including a series of hollow structural tiles arranged end to end in a row extending lengthwise of the span,V said tiles being of two different Vheights and alternately arranged to form recesses above the shallower tiles and between the facing ends of adjacent higher tiles', said shallower tiles being materially shorter than the higher tiles, and concrete lling said recesses to form a composite monolithic compression resisting strata of concrete and hollow tiles. Y

ELWYN E. SEELYE. 

